thanks lylehaze, that helps a lot. fyi, the sid DOUT schematic is here: http://www.ucapps.de/midibox_sid_cs/mbsid_dout_default.pdf thanks also to wilba, very helpful, but when you said: did you mean DOUT? i can't see why a DIN would need high currents passing through it (nor, for that matter, stoned raisins. bah duhm tschh.). thanks