Yes there is (although they're kinda getting rid of it atm). You have to go to the military after school or the age of 18 (with some exceptions like having kids, a company or the likes of course). You can't refuse military service, but you can refuse to bear arms. This used to mean writing a pretty long and detailed letter about how you cannot do so because of religion, the way you were brought up etc. Some years ago they would then bring you to court where'd you'd have to argue your case (nowadays they just accept the letter unless it's obviously copied from the net). If your refusal is accepted you have to do "civil service" - working in a hospital, youth hostel, senior residence - that type of stuff (you get to choose what you wanna do though - that's how I ended up in a youth hostel in a nice skiing region in the Alps ;-)). This also means you can never ever join the army or be drafted in any way. If your refusal gets rejected you either do your service or don't show up and most likely end up in jail.